مجله دیابت و متابولیسم ایران
سال شانزدهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 72، آذر و دی 1395)

In the event of damage to the skin, the epidermis of which goes to the disintegration of the body, is a wound that is common in diabetics. The purpose of this study was to evaluate Effect of alcohol extract of Nigella Sativa on wound healing in diabetic male rats
In this study 48 male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups (control, sham, experimental, empirical two) were tested. The extra pawn injured area of 3 cm to the left of the spine created. Wound healing was examined macroscopically.
The streptozocin diabetic wound healing compared to the control group later showed and wound healing in experimental groups treated with alcohol extract of Nigella Sativa was faster than the control group.
The results showed that the alcohol extract of Nigella Sativa skin accelerate wound healing in normal and diabetic samples.

Recently the role of apelin in inflammation has been known. However, the effect of exercise training-induced cytokine apelin in diabetes status hasn’t been investigated. The purpose of this study was to determine the atni-inflammation effect of 8-week aerobic training on apelin plasma concentration in diabetic male rats.
Twenty eight diabetic male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: Non-diabetic (n=9), control diabetic (n=9) and trained diabetic (n=10). Type 2 diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of nicotinamide (95 mg/kg body weight) and streptozotocin (60 mg/kg body weight). The training group ran 8-week on treadmill progressively for 45 min at a speed of 24 m/min and a 5% grade. After the training, plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin, TNF-α and apelin were measured and HOMA-IR was calculated. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pearson’s correlation was used for analyzing data. P Results showed a significant decrease in plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin and TNF-α and HOMA-IR in trained diabetic vs control diabetic group, a significant increase in plasma concentration of apelin in trained diabetic group vs non-diabetic and control diabetic group and a significant negative correlation between plasma concentrations of apelin and TNF-α in trained diabetic group.
It appears that 8-week aerobic training by improvement of insulin sensitivity and decrease of inflammation can increase plasma concentration of apelin in diabetic male rats.

Diabetic foot wound considered as cause of disability in diabetic's patients. And despite the progress made in the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes, since diabetic foot problem has not been resolved. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of endurance training and cold plasma on wound healing in diabetic rats.
25 male Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups (n=5). The once injected intraperitoneally with a concentration of 40mg/kg of body weight was taken. 4mm punch biopsy wounds were used to create skin wound. The exercise protocol, consists of 60minutes of running on a treadmill at a speed of 25m/min, 5days a week for 4times in a week. The whole process of plasma irradiation on wound took over 8times at each of the plasma samples for 10 minutes under direct radiation at a distance of 20 mm from the tip, respectively. The wound picture was taken with the camera Dino-Lite. Given the normal distribution of data to test hypotheses of parametric tests one-way ANOVA and repeated measure ANOVA were used to determine differences (P≤ 0.05).
The findings showed that the difference between exercise瘦魺힬 group and Ctrl瘦魺힬 group wasn’t significant. In addition, the difference between plasma瘦魺힬 group and Ctrl瘦魺힬 group wasn’t significant. However, the significant difference was between plasma뚶ꊞ⧠律驭 group and Ctrl瘦魺힬 group.
This is the first time that the combination of exercise and cold plasma used for wound healing in diabetes and have significantly accelerated wound healing in diabetic mice.

Household food insecurity is defined as limited or uncertain access to nutritionally adequate and safe food or limited ability to obtain foods in socially acceptable ways. The association between food security and obesity had been investigated before but so far, its association with body composition has not been investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between Food security with anthropometric measurements, body composition and blood pressure in women attending the sport clubs of municipality in west of Tehran.
This cross-sectional survey was conducted in 397 randomly selected healthy women from 14 sport clubs dependent to mayoralty in North West, South West and West of Tehran. To determine the food security, USDA food insecurity (18-item scale) was used. Weight, height, waist circumference (WC), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP) were measured according to standard protocols Body composition was measured using body impedance analyzer (BIA). Socio-demographic and socioeconomic status were recorded. Data analysis included chi-square test, ANOVA test and multivariate analyses of variance.
The prevalence of food insecurity in subjects was 54.4% that 45.3% were food insecure without hunger, and 9.1% were food insecure with moderate and severe hunger. Compared to food secure households, people with food insecurity significantly had more general obesity (Body Mass Index > 30kg/m2) and central obesity (Waist > 80 cm) (P-value The results of this study showed that food insecurity was significantly associated with obesity, fat mass, visceral fat mass and blood pressure.

Inflammation plays an essential role in the insulin resistance process, and chemokines, such as chemerin, seem to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of aerobic exercise and caloric restriction on chemerin levels and insulin resistance index in women with type 2 diabetes.
In a quasi-experimental study, 30 type 2 diabetes women were recruited (Mean age: 49.3±5.4 yr; weight: 78.8±7.3kg). Subjects randomly were divided into three groups: caloric restriction (experimental group 1 or CR), aerobic exercise with caloric restriction (experimental group 2 or EX) and control group. In CR group, subjects follow a diet with 25% caloric restriction for 12 weeks. Subjects in CR group used a training program including aerobic exercise and running on treadmill and diet with 50% caloric restriction of CR group (12.5% caloric restriction.5% increase in energy expenditure). Before and after 12 weeks, blood sampling for measurement of chemerin, IL-6, glucose and insulin was carried out. Data were analyzed by paired sample t-test and one way ANOVA at significant level of p Results showed that body mass index (BMI), waist to hip ratio (WHR), insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and interleukin6 decreased significantly in experimental groups. chemerin levels were increased significantly in CR (P=0.001) and EX groups (P=0.001). Significant correlation were seen between changes of chemerin with changes of BMI, WHR, HOMA-IR and interleukin6 (P According to the relationship between chemerin and insulin resistance and also, its effectiveness of aerobic exercise and caloric restriction, decreased levels of chemerin may play a special role in reduction of insulin resistance.

The major cause of obesity is an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure and resting energy expenditure (REE) is the most important determining factor in metabolism because it can reduce obesity and body fat mass gain. Overt hypothyroidism is associated with a lower resting energy expenditure (REE). With treatment, the resting energy expenditure (REE) will be normal. But a group of patients with treatment and normal serum level of TSH and thyroid hormones, Continue to complain of the lack of improvement of Clinical signs of overt hypothyroidism. This study is designed whether patients that have Clinical signs of overt hypothyroidism in compared with patients without Clinical signs, resting metabolic rate, body composition and lipid profile are different or not.
This study is a descriptive and comparative study on 100 women with overt hypothyroidism are treated with levothyroxine. The patients were divided into 2 groups of 50 patients with and without clinical signs. All patients were matched for age and BMI and menstrual cycle. 2 groups regarding anthropometric measurements, resting energy expenditure (REE), body composition, thyroid hormones, lipid profile and diet were compared with each other.
The average resting energy expenditure (REE) and adjusted of it for weight was significantly lower in the group with Clinical signs (Pvalue Patients with Clinical signs, lower resting energy expenditure (REE) and fat mass (FM) and triglycerides blood (TG) is higher than in patients without Clinical signs.